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An initial interpretation of the U.S. Department of Education’s AI report: Implications and recommendations for academic libraries

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Leo Lo’s analysis of the US Department of Education’s report on AI and academic libraries highlights AI literacy, educator involvement, and preparing for AI-related issues. A roadmap for libraries in the evolving AI landscape.

Image courtesy of interviewee. December 4, 2023

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This video video discusses the rapid rise of ChatGPT since its public release in November 2022 and its significant impact on various sectors, particularly education. It highlights the challenges posed to educators, as students began utilizing AI tools for homework and tests, necessitating a reevaluation of pedagogical strategies.

The speaker emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing the implications of AI, particularly in educational settings, advocating for transparency in AI decision-making processes. Key themes include the necessity of human involvement in AI's use, the potential for AI to support educators by handling routine tasks, and the role of educators in maintaining creativity, judgment, and empathy.

The report released by the Department of Education in May 2023 is cited as an important resource, stressing the need for AI literacy among educators and students, which extends beyond mere usage to understanding ethical concerns and the broader impact of AI technologies.

The speaker advocates for collaboration between libraries, faculty, and tech companies to effectively integrate AI tools and to address fundamental issues such as data privacy, biases, and the digital divide. Recommendations include fostering AI literacy, developing guidelines for AI tool evaluation, and encouraging experimentation with AI in educational contexts. The overall message is one of proactive engagement with AI technologies to ensure their ethical and effective application within education.

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X-TIMESTAMP-MAP:LOCAL=00:00:00.000,MPEGTS=900000

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So let's go back to November, 2022.

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When chat, GPT first became available to the, to the public,

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it was really astonishing

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how rapidly it became a, a sensation.

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Um, I think it reached a million users faceted than any

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other software, a platform before it.

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So the speed at which it permeated several, you know,

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multiple sectors was truly unprecedented.

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And so it reminded me of how personal computers,

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or the internet or smartphone revolutionized our world.

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But chat, GPT was moving at the even more

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breakneck, speed.

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And one of the, the sectors that felt the, the, this wave

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of disruption was, education.

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It was in the news, all over suddenly,

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students had at their fingertips, an AI tool capable

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of doing their homework for them, taking the test for them,

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and doing even better than they could have.

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So the challenge for educators was really significant,

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and there wasn't really a clear

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or straightforward way to deal with it.

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So this was a game changer.

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So as I observed this unfolding, I realized

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that we're witnessing a big shift in, in

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how this technology will transform education.

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So the implications were, were immense,

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and not just for teaching in the classroom,

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but for libraries as well.

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Libraries has always been at the forefront of,

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providing resources and support for learning and research.

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So with something like, chat, GPT

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or any of the generative AI tool, I saw a pressing need

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to really understand and,

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and address this, these new challenges.

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So in my role in leading AI and ai, literacy initiatives

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and my own university, I also observed a really,

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a pressing need for guidance in navigating this new AI

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hub driven landscape.

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And educators, students,

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and particularly my colleagues in the library, were,

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were trying to figure out how to deal with it.

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So, when the Department of Education released a report on,

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artificial intelligence and the future of teaching

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and learning, it was really a significant moment

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for the first time.

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We had what you might call an official guidance on how AI

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could and should inter intersect with education.

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So, it was a critical resource, but it's 71 pages long.

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I figure that most people don't have the time

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or the interest to really study it.

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So I, that's really the impetus of it.

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I feel a, a responsibility given my role at the university

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and in the library world to, to kind

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of analyze it a little bit and, and disseminate

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and interpret this information for my library colleagues.

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I want to analyze the key points of the reports

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and maybe share some recommendations,

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and really just to offer some kind of easy

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to understand guidance and,

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and roadmap for, you know, if you will, for, for,

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for my peers, basically.

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So the report was released in May, 2023, is,

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I would say it's a comprehensive exploration into

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how AI intersects with education,

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and it's trying to provide kind of nuance understanding

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of both the potential and the challenges that generative AI

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or AI in general brings to the education, landscape.

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So, essential theme of the report is the significance

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of transparency and understanding in AI

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systems used in education.

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Um, it emphasizes that AI should not be a black box.

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Uh, instead is decision making process should be clear

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to all the stakeholders, including teachers,

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students, librarians.

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So when we can understand

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or comprehend how decisions are made by these AI tools,

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I think it facilitates a more ethical

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and effective use of these technologies.

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So the understanding is not just technical,

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it really encompasses in, in, awareness of

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how AI might impact,

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educational practices and, and outcomes.

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So the, and this transparency, I think,

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is key in building trust.

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You know, ensuring AI tools are used effectively

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and ethically and empowering users

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to make informed decisions.

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Um, another critical point is the importance

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of human involvement in the use of AI in education.

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When this, technologies first appeared

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and when, when it was in the discourse of, you know,

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public discourse, a lot of people are very worried about,

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you know, jobs or people's roles being replaced by ai.

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So,

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so this report basically talks about AI's role in education

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can be envisioned as a supportive partner, taking on tasks

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that people should not, don't really need to do.

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A lot of the time consuming a routine tasks like

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administrative duties, like even grading

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or providing detailed analytics on student performance.

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Now, we may not be there yet,

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but it's very likely we'll get there at some point.

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So the advantage here is really significant.

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You know, by handling these tasks,

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AI can free up our time allowing us educators

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to invest our time and energy in more impact for, areas.

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So educators

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and focus on direct, student engagement,

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fostering a creative and, and dynamic learning environment,

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and nurturing the kind of interactive experiences that,

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you know, it's really at the heart of good education.

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But I think this kind

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of human-centric approach goes even deeper.

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Um, it really, really,

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the report highlights the inherent value

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of human qualities in education, judgment,

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creativity, and empathy.

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So that's something we need to pay attention to as well.

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Um, at the same time, it talks about, you know,

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AI shouldn't be making decisions for us.

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It's for us to, interpret

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or, apply the insights provided by ai.

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So that's another important part.

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At the same time, I think this technology can,

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democratize learning opportunities

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and can provide a lot of personalized learning

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and teaching so that the students with different abilities,

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different learning styles, can actually have that kind of,

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tailor made learning opportunities for them.

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But at the same time, we need to, you know,

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pay attention to the digital divide.

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Not every, not everyone may have the opportunity

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to use these technologies of how can we make sure

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that there's, equity

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or equality in this kind of, using the technology.

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Um, so, and then it talks a little bit more about more

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complex issues like, the ethical implications

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and equity concerns.

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Um, we know we've, we have heard in the news,

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and, you know, there are a lot of research on,

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the learning data that these, models use may not be

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accurate or fair,

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or even they may have a lot biases in them.

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Um, so that's something we need to pay attention to

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and also be respectful of data privacy.

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Uh, how, how do we use these models without

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compromising, you know, student privacy?

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So in summary, underlines of the importance of transparency,

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human environment, and the need for strategic,

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and I think ethical approach

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to integrating this AI in education, it's really important

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to recognize that we are at, at the crossroads of, you know,

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how technology intersects with our roles as educators and,

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and librarians.

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So AI literacy as outlined in the report, there's,

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it's not just about knowing how to use the tools.

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It's about understanding

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and, understanding the broader picture,

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how these technologies work.

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Yes, the applications in the educational context,

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the ethical implications,

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and being able to engage in a meaningful

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discussions about ai.

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So this kind of literacy is becoming increasingly crucial,

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not only for protecting educators

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and students from potential risks,

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but also for empowering them to really harness these,

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the immense power of these,

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technologies in a very innovative and transformative ways.

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So for librarians, this new age

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of AI literacy means going deeper into how these tools

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function and can be used.

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It's about, bringing them into the library,

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environment, using it for better, for example,

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resource management and enhancing user experience

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and supporting really complicated or complex research needs.

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And understanding the, like I mentioned

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before, the data privacy part, the, the inherent biases

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and, and, a lot of the ethical issues within it.

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Um, and that's another one, another thing that the,

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report talked about is the involvement in the design

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and imple implementation of this AI technology.

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And it talks about librarians as, you know, a lot

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of the web users

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of these educational tech, technologies.

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And we can provide really valuable insight into the

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design of these tools.

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So I think that's a opportunity for us to really think about

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how we can partner with both tech companies

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and even researchers,

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computer science researchers on campus, on how to,

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make these, technologies even more, you know,

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effective.

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Um, that's a, a ano another broader institutional context

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to consider as AI becomes more integrated into our,

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you know, educational landscape, libraries need

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to ensure the AI strategies align with the overall goals

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and initiatives of our institution.

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So that means involve, we, that involves collaboration

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with faculty in AI research, ensuring the AI system,

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compatible with our campus technologies.

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And, so it, it,

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it's another opportunity to bring people together.

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Um, and so I think those are really great things,

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but then there are also potential challenges.

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Uh, for example, there are psychological ones, resistance

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to change from us, from library staff,

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librarians to users.

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There's of, there's often a kind, a lack of understanding

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of these technologies.

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And, it's natural

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to fear the unknown, the uncertainties.

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And obviously there are a lot of news out there with both,

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you know, benefits and, and risk of the, of these things.

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So there's something to, for us to think about how

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to address these challenges.

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Uh, I think transparent

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communication is always a good thing.

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For example, myself, I like, I would like

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to encourage my staff to use it, to experiment with it.

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Um, so I always say I use it as well, you know, lead

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by example and say, I encourage you, use it, especially in,

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in low sticks, tough situation and just play with it.

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The, the best way to, to learn something is by doing a lot

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of the times, and then people can talk and share.

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And then that's that way we can com, you know,

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create communities of practice to, further come,

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our understanding of these technologies.

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So in wrapping up the future of AI in education, in,

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we have libraries have a, a unique opportunity

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to be at the forefront of this, change or evolution.

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And I think AI literacy is definitely the most critical

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first step so that people can have a general understanding

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of what these technologies are about.

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And then, then we can make the informed decisions on how,

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whether we want to use it, how we can use it

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and use it intelligently and responsibly.

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So some of the recommendations would be, you know, I,

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you know, echoing the AI literacy part, I think

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that is the most important thing, is to make sure that

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everyone has a, a basic knowledge of what that is.

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And I think it ex extends to everybody in society really,

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because it is really changing our world.

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And as leaders in the library sector, we, we need to

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champion this AI literacy, that, like I talked about,

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even both more than just using it, we need

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to understand the implications and ethics,

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and all of that, because with that, that means we, all

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of us can have a voice in influencing how the,

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the direction of this technology right

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now, like this report.

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And, many countries are setting their own regulations

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and policies, rules are being set right now,

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but they haven't been really been set yet.

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Once the rules are set, extremely difficult to change.

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So this is the time for us to give our feedback to,

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to try to influence, you know, the, the direction

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of this technology will be good for society, good

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for education, good for information, for example.

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Um, so, and I think AI literacy is not just about just,

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offering training sessions and workshops.

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Yes, we need those, but I think those

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are just starting points.

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Um, psychologically we need to make sure, you know,

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help people understand that, the importance of this.

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Um, and yes, it's not perfect. It may never be perfect.

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The internet is not perfect.

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We still use it in the, hopefully in the right way.

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And I think this is the same thing.

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The more we under we understand it,

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the more we use it correctly,

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and that can alleviate some of the, the, the fear of it.

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So I think definitely as leaders, they,

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we should encourage people to experiment

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and also lead by example.

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We should experiment with it

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and learn a little bit more about that.

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Um, and moving, you know,

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more than just AI literacy, I,

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I talked about getting involved in the design

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and development of these tools,

13:52.125 --> 13:55.285
I think this is another great opportunity to reach out,

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proactively, reach out to either companies

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or, you know, partner up with them, for example,

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or reach out to our researchers and students even

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and see how we can work together on this.

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And during all this, another recommendation I'll give is to,

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hey, let's, develop some guidelines,

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some guidance in, how we should be u as a profession,

14:20.065 --> 14:23.685
as a sector, how we can use this, technology

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and hopefully, have a more of a standard,

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not necessarily regulations or policy,

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but standards in how we, let's say,

14:30.745 --> 14:32.805
how do we evaluate AI tools?

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What are some of the factors in, purchasing using some

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of these AI technologies in the libraries

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or in the, in the university Right now I'm chairing a,

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academic honesty task force in, at my university.

14:47.385 --> 14:50.765
And we're looking at AI detection software. Now, there

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Are, you know, a lot of studies saying whether they,

14:53.085 --> 14:54.325
they are useful or not.

14:54.825 --> 14:58.925
Um, so we are trying u try to use this as a exercise

14:59.025 --> 15:02.245
to develop a set of criteria when we look at AI technologies

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or software, how we can decide, you know, what are some

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of the important things we should look into

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before we adopt them or use them.

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I think that's the same thing for a lot

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of the library, out there.

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And, and software designed for libraries.

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How can we make sure that the, these software aligns

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with our, our, mission and vision.

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So those are some of the recommendations.

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I'm sure there will be a lot more coming out.

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