Judicial Activism and Judge-Made Law at the ECtHR


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The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) establishes a lot of judge-made laws for objective reasons. Method of interpretation, construction, insufficient textual basis, positive obligations, and lack of precedent are considerations.

High case law volume, legislative inactivity, interstate jurisdiction, and autonomous meaning aid judicial lawmaking.

Subsidiarity, margin of appreciation, and the Fourth Instance principle limit judicial lawmaking. These theories limit the ECtHR’s lawmaking power.

Image courtesy of interviewee. November 24, 2023

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