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Reclaiming structural steels from the end of service life composite structures for reuse

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The ability to separate structural steel sections from concrete slabs in composite beams without damage forms a key technical challenge for reclaim and direct re-use of composite structures as opposed to recycling. Han Mei Chen discusses the results of a feasibility study using a variety of potential techniques.

Image courtesy of interviewee. May 21, 2024

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This video video discusses research focused on reclaiming and reusing steel from steel-concrete complex structures, which are currently welded together, making reuse challenging. The aim is to develop effective methods to separate steel from concrete to allow for recycling in new construction. Five separation methods were investigated: Ben cutting, Warsaw cutting, wire cutting, core drilling, and laser cutting. The most promising methods identified were wire cutting and Warsaw cutting, due to their efficiency, rapid processing, and low energy consumption compared to new steel production.

Additionally, the quality of reclaimed steel was assessed through testing, revealing that its mechanical properties remained intact. The research indicates potential for these methods to be scaled up for practical application in the construction industry, enabling the reuse of steel at the end of service life for structures.

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Here are the key quotes extracted from the video :

1. **Convideo of Research**:
- "In the convideo of our research, we are talking here about the steel concrete complex structures."

2. **Reuse Challenges**:
- "So that is bringing the difficulties for it to be reused."

3. **Separation and Reuse**:
- "What we mean particularly is we reclaim, so which means to separate the steel structure and trying to reuse it into new buildings."

4. **Technical Challenges**:
- "What is really technically challenging us is about the scale of it... it needs to be separated in small chunks and then reclaimed."

5. **Methods Investigated**:
- "Five methods have been investigated... starting from very simple and commonly used lab methods."

6. **Effective Methods**:
- "Two out of five... the wire cutting and the Warsaw cutting are the most potential and efficient ways to do the separation."

7. **Energy Consumption**:
- "The amount of electricity consumption... is very small compared to if you manufacture a new steel instead."

8. **Steel Quality**:
- "The mechanical properties of this cutted section... have not been changed. So that is definitely a very positive sign."

9. **Future Potential**:
- "If it can be used in the future study, if it can be extended to a larger scale..."

10. **Reuse in Construction**:
- "The competency structure can be reused in the construction industry after the end of service life."

These quotes highlight the main themes of the research, including the challenges of reclaiming steel from concrete structures, the methods investigated for separation, and the results related to the quality of reclaimed materials.

X-TIMESTAMP-MAP:LOCAL=00:00:00.000,MPEGTS=900000

00:00.265 --> 00:03.725
In the, the context of our research, the focusing,

00:03.905 --> 00:06.365
we are talking here and is about the steel

00:07.125 --> 00:09.805
concrete complex structures and,

00:10.065 --> 00:11.525
and in the very long term

00:11.905 --> 00:15.405
and, steel, currently what is in use is this steel

00:15.505 --> 00:18.765
and the concrete is being welded together.

00:19.305 --> 00:23.445
So that is bring the difficulties, for it to be reused.

00:24.105 --> 00:26.285
And this is how it brings to our research

00:26.665 --> 00:30.445
and trying to reclaim and, and find the technical challenges

00:30.465 --> 00:35.045
and reclaim these, steels and which is out welded.

00:35.475 --> 00:38.565
What we mean particularly is we reclaim,

00:38.625 --> 00:42.925
so which means the separate the steel structure and as it is

00:43.105 --> 00:44.405
and, trying

00:44.405 --> 00:46.925
to reuse it into the new building, for example.

00:47.385 --> 00:49.805
Um, and, of course it's undamaged

00:50.105 --> 00:53.805
and it can be perfectly reused, to another,

00:54.405 --> 00:55.725
construction buildings, for example.

00:57.015 --> 00:59.435
The initial thought is it should be quite

00:59.435 --> 01:00.555
fairly straightforward.

01:01.255 --> 01:03.115
Um, and, what we, in theory,

01:03.545 --> 01:07.715
what we find out is impractical, is we're trying

01:07.715 --> 01:09.595
to use different technologies

01:09.855 --> 01:12.475
and, methods trying to separate the steel

01:12.895 --> 01:14.075
and, and the concrete.

01:14.505 --> 01:17.955
What is really technically, challenges us is,

01:18.255 --> 01:19.995
and about the scale of it,

01:20.105 --> 01:22.075
because all in different directions

01:22.655 --> 01:27.075
and, what it means is in, in reality it need

01:27.075 --> 01:29.595
to be separated, for example, in small chunks

01:29.935 --> 01:30.955
and then reclaimed,

01:31.255 --> 01:34.155
and also the direction on of the separation.

01:34.295 --> 01:36.035
It matters, it matters a lot to us.

01:36.335 --> 01:38.235
That's why we, in this research,

01:38.535 --> 01:41.835
we are trying our very best in different directions,

01:41.935 --> 01:45.475
trying to find the most, sufficient ways,

01:45.535 --> 01:49.355
and efficient ways to separate the steel from the compar.

01:49.415 --> 01:52.235
The structures in this research actually,

01:52.705 --> 01:54.755
five methods has been investigated

01:55.515 --> 01:56.555
starting from the very simple

01:56.775 --> 01:59.395
and com, commonly used lab methods,

01:59.445 --> 02:02.955
which is called Ben and so, and also

02:03.215 --> 02:06.275
and the other two, which are widely used in the,

02:06.495 --> 02:07.875
construction industry.

02:08.175 --> 02:10.315
So one is called Warsaw cutting,

02:10.855 --> 02:12.195
the other one is called wire.

02:12.255 --> 02:14.915
So cutting, I'm not sure, if you're aware of that.

02:15.215 --> 02:17.075
So Warsaw is a bit like the traxo.

02:17.615 --> 02:21.275
So you have a rail mounted can be different direction,

02:21.275 --> 02:24.235
either horizontally or vertically mounted rail,

02:24.655 --> 02:28.555
and the, the traxo can be moved along the rail,

02:28.555 --> 02:32.115
to cut it and it's widely being used in the construction

02:32.455 --> 02:34.515
and, and also the quarries to cut,

02:34.575 --> 02:35.795
for example, the concrete.

02:35.895 --> 02:39.875
And also, the, the stones for example, it's been quite,

02:40.255 --> 02:43.235
successful and the same as the wire.

02:43.335 --> 02:47.355
So cutting, which is, have the diamond bead on the wires

02:47.655 --> 02:50.075
and it can be very fast, tracked

02:50.625 --> 02:51.875
into different directions.

02:52.495 --> 02:56.075
And this is what we, investigated a lot

02:56.535 --> 02:58.115
and to check about the feasibility.

02:59.305 --> 03:02.245
Um, and the fourth one, is a core drilling,

03:02.335 --> 03:05.925
which is a diamond core trying to,

03:05.945 --> 03:09.285
really go into the, the shear stu, that is

03:09.285 --> 03:12.565
where the welded part, so the shear stud is,

03:12.705 --> 03:16.285
welded very, robustly, between the,

03:16.705 --> 03:21.045
the steel section and also, the steel decking

03:21.345 --> 03:24.725
and which is, and having the concrete inside that is

03:24.725 --> 03:26.565
where it's quite stacked.

03:27.145 --> 03:28.285
And, and,

03:28.465 --> 03:32.045
and we were trying to use a cordy method as well, trying

03:32.045 --> 03:36.485
to get rid of the, the sheer start, the final,

03:36.545 --> 03:40.205
but not the least cutting method and is a laser cutting.

03:40.825 --> 03:42.725
We use the most powerful laser cutting.

03:42.985 --> 03:44.005
Um,

03:44.065 --> 03:45.565
and trying to say,

03:45.675 --> 03:47.765
does it mean the laser cutting is more precise

03:48.305 --> 03:49.805
and it it is more suitable?

03:50.265 --> 03:53.005
Um, so together five methods has been

03:53.365 --> 03:55.325
investigated in this research.

03:55.985 --> 04:00.245
The main findings after, the five methods is two out

04:00.245 --> 04:01.685
of, two out of five.

04:02.185 --> 04:06.325
So, that is to say the wire. So cutting and the war.

04:06.345 --> 04:09.445
So cutting are the most, per, potential

04:09.445 --> 04:12.965
and efficient ways, to do the separation

04:13.225 --> 04:16.645
and the reclaiming methods, and that it has a high,

04:16.825 --> 04:20.245
and both of them have high potential to,

04:20.355 --> 04:23.045
reclaim it in practice, due

04:23.045 --> 04:24.685
to the following reasons first,

04:24.945 --> 04:28.125
and its all mature methods,

04:28.125 --> 04:30.405
and applied in the construction industry.

04:30.905 --> 04:33.445
And secondly, it's super fast

04:33.905 --> 04:37.565
and within the seconds can cost a single,

04:37.565 --> 04:39.885
well did start the third,

04:40.305 --> 04:44.365
the in term we checked about the, the,

04:44.425 --> 04:47.685
the electric consumptions and just for cutting that.

04:47.745 --> 04:52.285
And it's very, it's the amount of the,

04:52.845 --> 04:57.365
electricity assumption is very small compared to,

04:57.585 --> 05:00.445
if you manufacture a new steel instead.

05:01.415 --> 05:04.415
I think the main takeaway is we have done the,

05:04.415 --> 05:06.655
steel c coupon test after the reclaiming,

05:07.075 --> 05:10.215
and that is very important to check about the quality

05:10.435 --> 05:12.295
of this reclaimed steel, of course.

05:12.875 --> 05:16.855
Um, and the result seems to be very, very good indeed.

05:17.155 --> 05:19.575
Um, and the property, the mechanical properties

05:19.715 --> 05:21.615
of this cuted section,

05:21.615 --> 05:23.495
steel sections has not been changed.

05:24.235 --> 05:28.295
So that is definitely a very positive sign to, to,

05:28.475 --> 05:31.415
to see the, the effectiveness

05:31.835 --> 05:34.335
and also, the quality of the steel

05:34.385 --> 05:37.735
after reclaiming is as good and as the previous one.

05:38.315 --> 05:42.535
So, we found it, if it's,

05:42.595 --> 05:46.935
can be used in the future study, if it can be extended,

05:47.435 --> 05:48.695
to a larger scale

05:49.075 --> 05:51.575
and, of course to check about,

05:52.025 --> 05:53.175
about the larger scale.

05:53.595 --> 05:56.745
Um, how is it going to be, because currently still

05:56.745 --> 05:59.885
In the, the lab, trial test stages, so

05:59.915 --> 06:03.925
that is very potential to be get into the practical.

06:04.385 --> 06:08.325
Um, which means the competency structure can be reused,

06:08.505 --> 06:10.965
in this con construction industry,

06:11.335 --> 06:12.805
after the end of service life.

06:13.305 --> 06:13.525
Uh.

Challenges in Steel-Concrete Structure Reclamation

00:00:00 - In the, the context of our research, the focusing, we are talking here and is about the steel concrete complex structures and, and in the very long term and, steel, currently what is in use is this steel and the concrete is being welded together. So that is bring the difficulties, for it to be reused. And this is how it brings to our research and trying to reclaim and, and find the technical challenges
00:00:35 - What we mean particularly is we reclaim, so which means the separate the steel structure and as it is and, trying to reuse it into the new building, for example. and, of course it's undamaged and it can be perfectly reused, to another, construction buildings, for example. The initial thought is it should be quite fairly straightforward.
00:01:03 - what we find out is impractical, is we're trying to use different technologies and, methods trying to separate the steel and, and the concrete. What is really technically, challenges us is, and about the scale of it, because all in different directions and, what it means is in, in reality it need to be separated, for example, in small chunks and then reclaimed, and also the direction on of the separation.
00:01:36 - That's why we, in this research, we are trying our very best in different directions, trying to find the most, sufficient ways, and efficient ways to separate the steel from the compar. The structures in this research actually, five methods has been investigated starting from the very simple and com, commonly used lab methods, which is called Ben and so, and also and the other two, which are widely used in the,
00:02:08 - So one is called Warsaw cutting, the other one is called wire. So cutting, I'm not sure, if you're aware of that. So Warsaw is a bit like the traxo. So you have a rail mounted can be different direction, either horizontally or vertically mounted rail, and the, the traxo can be moved along the rail, to cut it and it's widely being used in the construction and, and also the quarries to cut, for example, the concrete. And also, the, the stones for example, it's been quite,
00:02:43 - So cutting, which is, have the diamond bead on the wires and it can be very fast, tracked into different directions. And this is what we, investigated a lot and to check about the feasibility. and the fourth one, is a core drilling, which is a diamond core trying to, really go into the, the shear stu, that is where the welded part, so the shear stud is,

Efficient Methods for Steel and Concrete Separation

00:03:16 - the steel section and also, the steel decking and which is, and having the concrete inside that is where it's quite stacked. And, and, and we were trying to use a cordy method as well, trying to get rid of the, the sheer start, the final, but not the least cutting method and is a laser cutting. We use the most powerful laser cutting.
00:03:44 - and trying to say, does it mean the laser cutting is more precise and it it is more suitable? so together five methods has been investigated in this research. The main findings after, the five methods is two out of, two out of five. So, that is to say the wire. So cutting and the war. So cutting are the most, per, potential and efficient ways, to do the separation
00:04:16 - and both of them have high potential to, reclaim it in practice, due to the following reasons first, and its all mature methods, and applied in the construction industry. And secondly, it's super fast and within the seconds can cost a single, well did start the third, the in term we checked about the, the,
00:04:47 - And it's very, it's the amount of the, electricity assumption is very small compared to, if you manufacture a new steel instead. I think the main takeaway is we have done the, steel c coupon test after the reclaiming, and that is very important to check about the quality of this reclaimed steel, of course. and the result seems to be very, very good indeed.
00:05:19 - of this cuted section, steel sections has not been changed. So that is definitely a very positive sign to, to, to see the, the effectiveness and also, the quality of the steel after reclaiming is as good and as the previous one. So, we found it, if it's, can be used in the future study, if it can be extended,
00:06:13 - and, of course to check about, about the larger scale. how is it going to be, because currently still In the, the lab, trial test stages, so that is very potential to be get into the practical. which means the competency structure can be reused, in this con construction industry, after the end of service life. .

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